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The Need for a New Kind of Child Abuse Prevention Campaign

1/1/2014

6 Comments

 
Since the 9/11 terrorist attacks New Yorkers have frequently, if not relentlessly, been coaxed and reminded, If You See Something, Say Something.  Other cities around the world have probably instituted similar public efforts.  The campaign to prevent future terrorist attacks shares several components with nationwide child abuse prevention campaigns.  Both are geared toward attracting the public's attention through the depiction of a sense of urgency.  The implication behind both campaigns is that each target group is very vulnerable to harm carried out by others.  Both target groups require public intervention to secure their safety.  Both groups' safety is threatened by people who are, or may be, intent on causing them harm or worse.  The public is warned in both scenarios that potential catastrophe is likely without their intervention.

Both campaigns are not merely a momentary call to arms but are also an effort to educate the public about its current and future responsibility.  They also, in effect, are influential in shaping the public's attitudes about the agents of both respective acts, terrorist attacks and child maltreatment.

The possibility exists that the pervasiveness of public campaigns such as the anti-terror effort and Most Wanted posters may, to some extent, color the manner in which people come to think about and understand the child abuse prevention effort and, in turn, child maltreatment itself.  This can influence many to view the parents as perpetrators of crimes whose rights as parents should be terminated. 

One may ask what difference it makes what attitude a potential reporter of child maltreatment holds, as long as the call is made.  A multifold response is required:   

First, reporting a family to a child abuse hotline is never to be taken lightly.  Even when substantiated maltreatment is found to be present, given the infamous and ongoing pattern of child welfare's history of not providing appropriate and helpful services to families, with much unnecessary disruption and misguided intervention, extreme caution had better be the guide.  A violation or crime can be viewed as something straight forward or black and white; a citizen's civic duty is to make a report, few would question.  But a mind-set that views child maltreatment, not as a crime, and not as an antisocial act, but as a family problem which calls for possible compassionate and competent assistance, should often give one reason to pause and consider more effective intervenient approaches before contacting a hotline.  

Second, whether or not public announcements include exhortations to parents themselves to call for assistance, the hotline, at least in theory, can be a possible source for parents.  They probably will be more likely to do so in response to a campaign that promises compassionate help.

Third, children, too, who may contemplate turning to a child abuse hotline for assistance will probably be less hesitant to do so in response to a campaign that does not appear harsh nor entails parental punishment.

Fourth, the child welfare system as a societal institution is in a position to educate and inform the public about its purpose and work.  This work should be accurately reflected in any public pronouncements.

Fifth, a citizenry correctly informed and knowledgeable about various aspects of child welfare work will be in a position to advocate and support long overdue real and substantial reform. 

Sixth, child welfare personnel themselves can likely be erroneously influenced by the nature of the campaign, as can politicians, whose hoped for familiarity with the complexities and subtleties of child welfare can have a significant impact on policy and procedure. 

Seventh, a citizenry that has developed a compassionate view of families who are burdened with various problems and hardship will be more likely to voluntarily offer neighborly help and assistance.

The very term child protection connotes something adversarial; it can seem to call for someone to step in and provide a barrier between the parent and child.  It implies that this barrier is needed to stop the onslaught of harm and danger coming from the parent(s).  It also implies that the parents' intent is to harm the child unless official protectors can successfully and, sometimes forcefully, stop them.  Who would even imagine harming a defenseless child, so this stream of thought goes, but an evil-intended defective, certainly not a normal human being; moreover, if that person also happens to be the child's parent, such wickedness is almost unimaginable.  This is very likely the picture conveyed by the concept child protection. Though perhaps not always articulated this way, it nonetheless, in a more abbreviated form, may dominate the thinking of many citizens who have been influenced by protective imagery.  

Rather than present parents as adversarial, child maltreatment prevention campaigns can and should describe a more accurate and compassionate picture, one that portrays some families as experiencing difficulties, and/or lacking adequate parenting knowledge.  And, that their family situation connects with the societal mandate to provide assistance to help them improve should be the context in which this is presented.  Rather than merely responding to another's call for action, the campaign should emphasize the ethical imperative that binds us all to help one another.     





       



 
6 Comments
Francine
1/2/2014 08:37:37 am

Your ideas are so enlightening and compelling, but the question for me is always how can we change this dysfunctional system that has evolved over all these years? Until the day comes where newspapers are no longer filled with stories of children killed by their parents/ caregivers, I don't think the dollars will be there to support your excellent suggestions. I hope I'm wrong.

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Sidney Goldberg
1/2/2014 10:42:49 am

Francine, you raise a very significant issue: The media's part in what occurs in child welfare. Why are newspapers filled with stories of children who were killed by their parents? It's not only the sensationalism of these kinds of stories but also the newspapers' hope that these kinds of stories will lead to personnel change and maybe a few firings. The papers will then tout their role in what has become accepted as "change" in child welfare. Of course, the real change here is the newspaper's most recent award for this reportage, while nothing significant really ever changed back at the child welfare office. The tragic killings that one reads about in the papers are not the norm in child welfare; they are the exception to what caseworkers deal with daily. I have written about the need to elevate child welfare work so that it will attract people who possess both the knowledge and ethical thinking required for this kind of work. These are the people who will be able to present a different picture to the media about the nature of child welfare and the families who become involved with this system. Over time this loud and consistent voice could lead to a diminished media influence in its ability to not focus on real issues rather than on aberrant tragedies. The media itself will come to respect the work of these highly competent child welfare workers and that will reveal itself in more substantial coverage.

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Francine
1/4/2014 10:32:09 pm

It's so difficult at times, even for those of us who have worked in child welfare, not to view abusive parents as criminals. We know the fault almost always lies with problems outside themselves, but when you see an innocent child being injured it's hard not to let emotions take over. It's no wonder that the relationship between worker and parent so often becomes adversarial.

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Sidney Goldberg
1/6/2014 11:52:45 am

Let's look at your statement that some child welfare personnel sometimes view abusive parents as criminals. Did these parents intend on causing harm to the child or was this harm the result of poor parenting and/or angry or impulsive behavior? In the rare situation where extreme and injurious damage resulted from torture-like behavior, there would probably be a greater chance for anger toward the parent. But in the majority of situations the parent is probably not out to cause harm to the child. If in fact the caseworker believes that external factors have led to the parent's abusive behavior, why would that anger then not be directed toward those factors? Perhaps, this is so because of the awareness that the causes of these behaviors are probably many. An interplay of numerous factors are very likely at play.

But even if the caseworker was angry at the parent, why must that anger influence what the worker did while working with the parent? If the worker was angry because of the harm the child suffered at the hands of the parent, helping the parent improve would benefit the child. Anger influenced behavior toward the parent will not lead to positive change for the child. I believe that when the worker and parent end up in an adversarial relationship, it usually is because of a lack of skill on the caseworker's part.

An additional skill-set that would be very helpful for child welfare caseworkers is Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy. No, caseworkers would not be sent for therapy, but they would be required to learn, as part of their training, the philosophy and techniques of REBT. Caseworkers well trained in this vital approach would be able to differentiate between anger and upset, for example. They would also find it easier to feel compassion for parents whose behavior they find distressing.

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Francine
1/6/2014 09:19:16 pm

You make some good points. Of course every well trained worker should be able to focus on the causes and overlook their own prejudices along with the accompanying emotions, but we are only human! And if sometimes even we cannot keep our biases in check you can imagine how difficult it is for the general public who only read about the aberrant atrocities reported in the papers. It's no wonder that so often the emphasis is on punishing the parents rather than preventing the problems that brought them into the system in the first place.
I like the idea of including REBT as part of training. It would help greatly in keeping boundaries straight and solutions focused on the real issues.

Sidney Goldberg
1/7/2014 11:37:05 am

Yes, caseworkers and counselors are only human. This means that they have the capacity to reason and to adjust their thinking. As in many of life's other predicaments one had better learn to not always act on our initial thoughts and feelings. Even when caseworkers and counselors are highly distressed about a parent's behavior, and are unsuccessful at reducing this opinion, they still have the ability to accept that that is how it will be, but that this parent, nonetheless, is no less worthy of help. What the worker had better know is not how to "overlook" his/her prejudices but rather how to evaluate these attitudes, using evidence to arrive at a more sensible mind-set.

Even criminals are worthy of help and compassion and usually have the capacity to change their behavior and improve.

Some may believe that anger toward a parent who harmed a child is actually a virtue, because it reflects one's indignation and defense of the child. But to what purpose? Who will be helped by this angry mind-set? Where will this anger lead, certainly not toward a better life for the child.

It is difficult to know with certainty what attitude about child welfare involved parents is held by the majority of Americans. It is probably true that many do get their ideas from the popular media, but there may also be a predisposition to view poor and minority parents in a negative light. Do politicians go along with the current dysfunctional child welfare system because they are not pressured by this constituency to do otherwise? Very likely. So again, the population of highly trained child welfare workers, I have previously advocated for, can, directly and indirectly, become a very potent change agent, influencing the public's understanding of child welfare's complexities.

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    Progressive Ideas in Child Welfare aims to put forward, through thoughtful discussion, new ways of looking at the many complexities that confront families involved in the child welfare system.  This discussion will generate broader insights necessary to facilitating real and substantial change.

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